A needful, unique, and in-place evaluation of the injuries in earthquake victims with computed tomography, in catastrophic disasters! The 2023 Turkey-Syria earthquakes: part I

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: This study was carried out to evaluate the injuries in pediatric earthquake victims due to the 2023 Turkey-Syria earthquakes with computed tomography and determine the anatomotopographic distribution of injuries. METHODS: The material of this retrospective study consisted of the computed tomography findings of 257 pediatric cases injured in the 2023 Turkey-Syria earthquakes, and those were divided into subgroups based on their age group, i.e., 0-4, 5-9, 10-14, and 15-18 years, and the type of injury, i.e., head, maxillofacial, thoracic, abdominal, pelvic, and spinal injuries. RESULTS: Earthquake-related injuries had been detected in 102 (39.6%) patients. Of the 29 patients with multiple injuries, 17, 10, and 2 had injuries in two, three, and four topographic regions, respectively. The most common injury was a head injury, which was detected in 48 (18.7%) cases, followed by thoracic injury, spinal injury, pelvic fracture, abdominal injury, and maxillofacial fracture, which were detected in 40 (15.6%), 22 (8.5%), 19 (7.4%), 10 (3.9%), and 6 (2.3%) patients, respectively. The cranial bone fractures and intracranial injuries were significantly more frequent in the 0-4 years age group compared with other age groups (p=0.028 and p=0.024, respectively). The rib fractures with spinal and pleural injuries were significantly more common in the 15-18 years age group compared with others (p=0.016, p=0.004, and p=0.002, respectively). CONCLUSION: The head injury was the most common earthquake-related injury in pediatric cases. Herein, it was more common in younger children compared with other age groups, whereas rib, spine, and pleural injuries were more common in older children.

Prevalence and influencing factors of mental health problems among hypertensive patients in Ya'an city five years after Lushan earthquake / 四川精神卫生

ObjectiveTo analyze the prevalence and influencing factors of mental health problems among hypertensive patients in Ya'an city five years after the Lushan earthquake， so as to provide references for promoting the mental health of hypertensive patients in earthquake-stricken areas. MethodsStratified random cluster sampling method was adopted to select 800 hypertensive patients in Ya'an city in December 2018. The general information of patients were collected via a self-designed questionnaire， and their mental health problems were assessed via the 12-item General Health Questionnaire （GHQ-12）.Then Logistic regression analysis was applied to explore the influencing factors. ResultA total of 744 valid questionnaires （93.00%） were obtained， and mental health problems were detected in 79 cases （10.62%）. Univariate analysis denoted that the detection rate of mental health problems yielded statistical difference among patients of different marital status （P<0.01）， family per capita monthly income （P=0.012） and social assistance recipients （χ2=25.194， P<0.01）. Logistic regression analysis indicated that the unmarried/separated/divorced/widowed status （OR=3.879， P=0.015） and social assistance recipients （OR=4.705， P<0.01） were risk factors for mental health problems among hypertensive patients. ConclusionThe detection rate of mental health problems is low among hypertensive patients in Ya'an city， while the unmarried/separated/divorced/widowed and social assistance recipients may suffer more serious mental health problems.

Optimal design of tuned mass dampers through differential evolution method for reducing the dynamic response of structures subjected to earthquake loads / Diseño óptimo de amortiguadores de masa sintonizada mediante evolución diferencial para reducir la respuesta dinámica de estructuras sujetas a cargas sísmicas / Projeto ótimo de amortecedores de massa usando evolução diferencial para reduzir a resposta dinâmica das estruturas sob cargas sísmicas

ABSTRACT This paper introduces a methodology for the optimal design of passive Tuned Mass Dampers (TMDs) to control the dynamic response of buildings subjected to earthquake loads. The selection process of the optimal design parameters is carried out through a metaheuristic approach based on differential evolution (DE) which is a fast, efficient, and precise technique that does not require high computational efforts. The algorithm is aimed to reduce the maximum horizontal peak displacement of the structure and the root mean square (RMS) response of displacements as well. Furthermore, four more objective functions derived from multiple weighted linear combinations of the two previously mentioned parameters are also studied to obtain the most efficient TMD design configuration. A parallel process based on an exhaustive search (ES) with precision to 2 decimal positions is used to validate the optimization methodology based on DE. The proposed methodology is then applied to a 32-story case-study derived from an actual building structure and subjected to different ground acceleration registers. The best dynamic performance of the building is observed when the greatest weight is given to the RMS response of displacement in the optimization process. Finally the numerical results reveal that the proposed methodology based on DE is effective in finding the optimal TMD design configuration by reducing the maximum floor displacement up to 4% and RMS values of displacement of up to 52% in the case-study building.

RESUMEN Este artículo presenta una metodología para el diseño óptimo de Amortiguadores de Masa Sintonizada (AMS) para el control de la respuesta dinámica de edificios sometidos a cargas sísmicas. El proceso de selección de los parámetros óptimos de diseño se realiza mediante un enfoque metaheurístico basado en Evolución Diferencial (ED) la cual es una técnica rápida, eficiente y precisa que no requiere grandes esfuerzos computacionales. El algoritmo tiene como objetivo reducir el desplazamiento de pico horizontal máximo de la estructura y también la media cuadrática (Valor eficaz) de desplazamientos. Adicionalmente, se estudian otras cuatro funciones objetivo derivadas de múltiples combinaciones lineales ponderadas de los dos parámetros mencionados anteriormente para obtener la configuración de diseño del AMS más eficiente. De forma paralela, se utiliza un proceso basado en una búsqueda exhaustiva (ES) con precisión a 2 posiciones decimales para validar la metodología de optimización basada en DE. Posteriormente, la metodología propuesta se aplica a un caso de estudio derivado de un edificio real de 32 pisos sometido a diferentes registros sísmicos de aceleración del suelo. Se observa un mejor comportamiento dinámico del edificio cuando se le da el mayor peso a la respuesta RMS de desplazamiento en el proceso de optimización. Finalmente, los resultados numéricos revelan que la metodología propuesta basada en DE es efectiva para encontrar la configuración óptima de diseño de TMD al reducir el desplazamiento máximo del piso hasta en un 43% y los valores RMS de desplazamiento de hasta el 52% en el caso de estudio.

RESUMO Este artigo apresenta uma metodologia para a otimização de amortecedores de massa sintonizados (TMD) para o controle da resposta dinâmica de edifícios sujeitos a cargas sísmicas. O processo de seleção dos parâmetros ótimos é realizado mediante uma abordagem metaheunstica baseada na Evolução Diferencial (DE) que é uma técnica rápida, eficiente e precisa que não requer de grandes esforços computacionais. O algoritmo visa reduzir o deslocamento máximo do pico horizontal da estrutura e também os deslocamentos da raiz quadrada média (RMS). Além disso, quatro outras funções objetivo derivadas de distintas combinações lineares ponderadas dos dois parâmetros de resposta já mencionados, são estudadas para obter a configuração de TMD mais eficiente. Em paralelo, um processo de busca exaustiva (ES) com precisão de 2 casas decimais é usado para validar a metodologia de otimização baseada na DE. Posteriormente, a metodologia proposta é aplicada a um caso de estudo derivado de um edifício real de 32 andares sujeito a diferentes registros de aceleração sísmica do solo. É observado um melhor comportamento dinâmico do edifício quando é dada uma maior ponderação no processo de otimização à resposta de deslocamento RMS. Finalmente, os resultados numéricos revelam que a metodologia proposta fundamentada na DE é eficaz para encontrar os parâmetros ótimos do TMD, reduzindo o pico de deslocamento máximo em até 43% e os valores de deslocamento RMS em até 52% no caso estudado.

Depressive symptoms detection among the urban elderly in Ya'an city and its influencing factors six years after Lushan earthquake / 四川精神卫生

ObjectiveTo investigate the prevalence and characteristics of depressive symptoms among urban elderly six years after Lushan earthquake in Ya'an， so as to provide references for the mental health interventions for elderly following catastrophic stressful life events. MethodsFrom March to April 2019， a multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method was adopted to enroll 885 urban elderly people aged 60 and above in Ya'an. A self-compiled questionnaire was used to collect the general demographic information， health-related and disaster-related information， meantime， the elderly was assessed using Geriatric Depression Scale （GDS-30）. Thereafter， univariate and multivariate Logistic regression were applied to explore the influencing factors of depressive symptoms in urban elderly. ResultsA total of 783 valid questionnaires were collected， with a questionnaires response rate of 88.47%. Depressive symptoms were detected in 161 cases （20.56%）. The prevalence of depression showed statistical differences among the elderly of different gender， age， marital status， family relationship， monthly per capita household income， physical exercise status， health status， self-care ability， sleep status and disaster-affected degree （P<0.05 or 0.01）. Logistic regression analysis showed that the urban elderly of the female gender （OR=1.552， P=0.040）， monthly per capita household income of 2000~3000 yuan （OR=6.982， P<0.01）， monthly per capita household income≤2000 yuan （OR=6.857， P<0.01）， lack of physical exercise （OR=1.693， P<0.01）， being less capable of self-care （OR=3.838， P<0.01）， being incapable of self-care （OR=8.547， P<0.01）， complicating multiple curable diseases （OR=4.892， P<0.01） and complicating refractory chronic diseases （OR=5.657， P=0.031） were at high risk of depressive symptoms. The risk of depressive symptoms among the divorced or widowed elderly was greater than that among married elderly （OR=0.063， P<0.01）. ConclusionThe prevalence of depressive symptoms is relatively high among the urban elderly six years after Lushan earthquake in Ya'an， moreover， female gender， low monthly per capita household income， lack of physical exercise， being incapable of self-care and poor health status are risk factors affecting the depressive symptom， while being married is a protective factor.

Analysis of Disaster Prescriptions Received at a Pharmacy after the Kumamoto Earthquake / 医薬品情報学

Objective: Soon after two massive earthquakes in Kumamoto, Japan, on April 14 and 16, 2016, the Shirakawasuigen pharmacy located in the Minamiaso village received prescriptions for disaster medications. Since prescriptions for disaster medications are typically used at temporary emergency shelters, pharmacies usually do not receive requests for them. On checking the content of these prescriptions, we found numerous prescription errors and queries. This study aimed to assess issues with dispensing medications after disasters.Methods: We reviewed all disaster medication prescriptions received by the pharmacy from April 20 to May 28, 2016 and the medication histories of these patients. We confirmed each patient’s data and medical and medication histories. Furthermore, we classified disaster prescription errors and queries into five categories according to their content and summed them in each category.Results: We obtained patients’ medical and medication histories from 100 (77.5%) of the 129 prescriptions received. Of the 129 prescriptions, a total of 158 prescription errors and queries pertaining to 96 (74.4%) prescriptions were confirmed: 88 (55.7%) for unclear medication usage and dosages, 22 (13.9%) for incorrect medication names, 34 (21.5%) for pharmaceutical queries, 8 (5.1%) for exceeding fixed prescription days (within seven days), and 6 (3.8%) for other issues.Conclusion: Nearly 80% of the prescriptions for disaster medications had prescription errors and queries. Therefore, we evaluated that the prescription’s format and entry method can be improved. Furthermore, to ensure a smooth drug supply and to reduce prescription entry deficiencies and formal prescription queries, pharmacists need to effectively manage disaster prescriptions.

Trajectories of mental health symptoms predict long-term quality of life among Wenchuan adolescent survivors: A 10-year follow-up study / 中华创伤杂志(英文版)

PURPOSE@#Previous studies usually examine the associations between psychological distresses and quality of life (QOL) with a variable-centred approach, while little is known about the effect of the individual variance in time-varying changes of psychological distresses on QOL. Therefore, this study aimed to examine whether individual variance in psychological distresses during the early phases post-earthquake would develop different QOL's levels among adolescent survivors 10-year after the Wenchuan earthquake.@*METHODS@#Data were extracted from the Wenchuan Earthquake Adolescent Health Cohort Study. The current study included 744 adolescent survivors who effectively completed surveys at 6 months, 24 months, and 10 years after the earthquake. Self-report questionnaires were administered to collect information on socio-demographic characteristics, earthquake exposure, life events, anxiety symptoms, depressive symptoms, posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS), and QOL. Data were analysed using hierarchical multiple regression.@*RESULTS@#Trajectories of psychological distresses were classified as follow: resistance (anxiety 40.73%; depression 54.70%; PTSS 74.46%), recovery (anxiety 17.20%; depression 9.27%; PTSS 10.35%), delayed dysfunction (anxiety 10.35%; depression 18.15%; PTSS 6.18%), and chronicity (anxiety 31.72%; depression 17.88%; PTSS 9.01%). After controlling covariates, hierarchical multiple regression only revealed that the anxiety trajectory with delayed dysfunction remained significantly predictive for four domains of QOL (physical health, psychological health, social relationships, and environment).@*CONCLUSION@#The current study highlights the importance of focusing on the variations in trajectories of anxiety symptoms among disaster survivors and providing individualized mental health services to improve survivors' QOL.

Prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder after earthquakes among the elderly in China: A meta-analysis / 世界急诊医学杂志（英文）

@#BACKGROUND: The study aims to investigate the occurrence of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) after earthquakes among the elderly. METHODS: Data from cross-sectional studies focusing on the prevalence of PTSD after earthquakes among the elderly were collected from PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure in December 2019. The search terms included post-traumatic stress disorder, earthquake, and elderly. This study used Review Manager 5.0 to evaluate the impact of the results. In addition, forest plots, sensitivity analysis, and bias analysis were carried out on the included articles. The combined estimate of the risk ratio and the standard deviation of the 95% confidence interval (95% CI) were measurements of the size of the effect. RESULTS: There were 4,834 patients included from 10 eligible studies. The sample sizes of PTSD group and non-PTSD group were 1,277 and 3,557, respectively. The meta-analysis showed that the overall occurrence of PTSD after earthquakes among the elderly was 0.25; the occurrence in females was higher than that in males, and the occurrence in the same province indicated little difference (Wenchuan city 0.25 and Ya’an city 0.24). CONCLUSIONS: After earthquakes, the occurrence of PTSD is higher among the elderly than among other age groups, and higher among the females than among the males, while there is little difference among different areas within the same province. This indicated that prioritized specific psychological interventions should be provided to the aged and the females.

The prevalence of psychological distress during pregnancy in Miyagi Prefecture for 3 years after the Great Eas t Japan Earthquake

BACKGROUND@#To examine changes in psychological distress prevalence among pregnant women in Miyagi Prefecture, which was directly affected by the Great East Japan Earthquake and tsunami, and compare it with the other, less damaged areas of Japan.@*METHODS@#This study was conducted in conjunction with the Japan Environment and Children`s Study. We examined 76,152 pregnant women including 8270 in Miyagi Regional Center and 67,882 in 13 other regional centers from the all-birth fixed data of the Japan Environment and Children's Study. We then compared the prevalence and risk of distress in women in Miyagi Regional Center and women in the 13 regional centers for 3 years after the disaster.@*RESULTS@#Women in the Miyagi Regional Center suffered more psychological distress than those in the 13 regional centers: OR 1.38 (95% CI, 1.03-1.87) to 1.92 (95% CI, 1.42-2.60). Additionally, women in the inland area had a consistently higher prevalence of psychological distress compared to those from the 13 regional centers: OR 1.67 (95% CI, 1.18-2.38) to 2.19 (95% CI, 1.60-2.99).@*CONCLUSIONS@#The lack of pre-disaster data in the Japan Environment and Children's Study made it impossible to compare the incidence of psychological distress before and after the March 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake. However, 3 years after the Great East Japan Earthquake, the prevalence of pregnant women with psychological distress did not improve in Miyagi Regional Center. Further, the prevalence of mental illness in inland areas was consistently higher than that in the 13 regional centers after the disaster.

Emergency health response of Japanese local governments after the “3·11” great earthquake / 上海预防医学

The earthquake occurred in Japan on March 11， 2011 was accompanied by a tsunami， which also led to a leakage accident at the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant. The disaster caused large-scale casualties and property damage. Soma City in Fukushima Prefecture established a disaster response headquarter and held its first meeting 9 minutes after the earthquake. Disaster response can be divided into three stages. In the first phase， life protection is the primary task. In the second phase， the primary tasks are health protection and basic life support. And in the third phase， life quality improvement is the primary task. This article reviewed the public health emergency response of local governments in Japan after the disaster in order to improve the response to public health emergencies in China.

Síndrome de aplastamiento. Reporte de un caso y revisión de la literatura / Crush Syndrome, Case Report and Literature Review Abstract

Resumen El síndrome compartimental se define como la elevación de la presión tisular por arriba de 30 mmHg en un compartimento, siendo más fiable la comparación de la presión tisular compartimental con la presión arterial diastólica por debajo de 30 mmHg; esta situación comúnmente es predecesora del síndrome de aplastamiento, el cual se define como una rabdomiólisis postraumática con alteración sistémica, principalmente asociada a falla renal aguda. El uso de la amputación como método para mejorar la condición clínica del paciente aún es controversial, por lo que a continuación se presenta el caso de un paciente rescatado de los escombros de un derrumbe, 24 horas después del terremoto que afectó a la Ciudad de México el 19 se septiembre de 2017, así mismo se presenta una revisión de la literatura actual.

Abstract Compartment Syndrome is defined as the elevation of tissue pressure above 30 mmHg in a compartment and because comparing the compartment tissue pressure with the diastolic blood pressure below 30 mmHg has proved to be more reliable, this is now a predecessor of Crush Syndrome, which is defined as a post-traumatic rhabdomyolysis with systemic distress mainly associated with acute renal failure. The use of amputation as a method to improve the patient's clinical condition is still controversial, thereby we present the clinical case of a patient rescued from a collapsed building 24 hours after the earthquake that affected Mexico City on September 19, 2017, followed by an updated literature review.

Changes in smoking behavior among victims after the great East Japan earthquake and tsunami

BACKGROUND@#In areas affected by the tsunami of the great East Japan Earthquake, smoking behavior may have deteriorated due to high stress and drastic changes in living environment. Surveys were conducted to reveal changes in smoking behaviors among victims.@*METHODS@#A population-based random-sample home-visit interview survey of victims in Iwate and Miyagi Prefectures affected by the tsunami disaster was conducted in 2012 (n = 1978), while a population-based nationwide survey was conducted in 2013 (n = 1082). A panel survey in 2014 was conducted with respondents of the 2012 survey (n = 930). Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to reveal factors related to smoking status after the disaster.@*RESULTS@#There was high smoking prevalence of both sexes in the tsunami disaster area (current smoking rate in coastal area, 50.0% for male, 21.4% for female; inland area, 34.7% for male, 7.6% for female). Low prevalence of male quitters was observed (quitter rate in coastal area, 20.8% for male, 8.0% for female; inland area, 23.4% for male, 5.5% for female). The prevalence of nicotine-dependent people assessed by FTND (Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence) in the coastal area was also higher than in the inland area or other areas of Japan. Smoking behavior among victims worsened after the disaster and did not improve 3 years from the disaster. Post-disaster factors related to smoking were living in coastal area, complete destruction of house, and living in temporary housing.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Smoking prevalence and the level of nicotine dependence of tsunami victims were still high even 3 years after the disaster. It is important to emphasize measures for smoking control in the disaster areas for an extended time period.

A comparison of the levels of earthquake awareness and preparedness in a high risk and low risk barangay / The Health Sciences Journal

INTRODUCTION@#Metro Manila is at risk from “the big one”, a magnitude 7.2 earthquake caused by the movement of the West Valley Fault, thus awareness and preparedness of the people are very important. The study compared the levels of earthquake awareness and preparedness of households in a high-risk area and a low risk area.@*METHODS@#This was a cross-sectional study among 376 households each from a high- and a low-risk barangay in Metro Manila using a self-administered household-based survey questionnaire consisting of questions on awareness and preparedness. The prevalence of households classified as aware and wellprepared was computed; the significance of differences between the high- and low risk barangays was determined through Fisher’s exact test. @*RESULTS@#There were fewer households classified as aware in the high-risk barangay compared with the low risk barangay, but the difference was not significant (PR = 0.98, 95% CI 0.84, 1.01, p = 0.078, Fisher’s exact test). Less than half of households were classified as well-prepared in both high- and low risk barangays (49.7 vs 46.5%) and the difference was not significant (PR = 1.07, 95% CI 0.92, 1.24, p = 0.422, Fisher’s exact test). Television was the most common source of information in both barangays. Households in the high-risk barangay were more likely to be well-prepared when a member was at least a high school graduate (PR = 2.54, 95% CI 1.24, 5.22, p = 0.001, Fisher’s exact test).@*CONCLUSION@#There was no difference in the levels of awareness and preparedness between high and low risk barangays. Television was the most common source of information in both high and low risk barangays. The presence of at least one high school graduate in the household from a high-risk barangay was associated with preparedness but not awareness.

Schistosomiasis control effect in Mianyang City in ten years after Wenchuan earthquake / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

Objective To evaluate the effect of schistosomiasis control in Mianyang City in ten years after Wenchuan earth-quake, so as to provide the experiences for schistosomiasis control post-disaster. Methods The data of implementation of schistosomiasis control work in ten years after the Wenchuan earthquake were collected and analyzed for the epidemic situation of schistosomiasis in Mianyang City. Meanwhile, the awareness situation on schistosomiasis control of villagers and students was investigated by questionnaires in 2008 and 2015. Results All of the 6 counties (cities, districts) with schistosomiasis endemic in Mianyang City were hit by the earthquake disaster. After the disaster, the measurements including the conventional schistosomiasis control measures, the control of exogenous infection sources, the control of Oncomelania hupensis snails, and health education were carried out. The relevant departments of schistosomiasis control were cooperated to implement the prevention and control measures. The schistosomiasis prevalence of population and the snail condition rose in the year of the earthquake, but then declined year by year. In 2015, the awareness rates of schistosomiasis control of both villagers and the students were significantly improved compared with those in 2008. Conclusion The measures of schistosomiasis control after the earthquake disaster are effective in Mianyang City, and the goal to prevent major plague after the earthquake is achieved.

Impact of earthquake disaster on schistosomiasis transmission and emergency prevention and control in Sichuan Province / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

Earthquake is a serious natural disaster. The earthquake that occurs in schistosomiasis-endemic areas not only causes direct human and economic losses, but also induces secondary disasters that greatly threaten public health safety in affected areas. This paper analyzed the impact of the 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake and 2013 Lushan Earthquake on schistosomiasis transmission in Sichuan Province, and proposed emergency measures and assessment activitiesresponding to schistosomiasis following earthquake disasters. The experiences from schistosomiasis control after two earthquake disasters in Sichuan Province may provide insights into the emergency control in other regions or after other natural disasters.

Impact of earthquake disaster on schistosomiasis transmission and emergency prevention and control in Sichuan Province / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

Earthquake is a serious natural disaster. The earthquake that occurs in schistosomiasis-endemic areas not only causes direct human and economic losses, but also induces secondary disasters that greatly threaten public health safety in affected areas. This paper analyzed the impact of the 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake and 2013 Lushan Earthquake on schistosomiasis transmission in Sichuan Province, and proposed emergency measures and assessment activitiesresponding to schistosomiasis following earthquake disasters. The experiences from schistosomiasis control after two earthquake disasters in Sichuan Province may provide insights into the emergency control in other regions or after other natural disasters.

The establishment, practicing and future of a 5G-based emergency medical rescue system / 中华急诊医学杂志

The advantages of 5G communication, including large bandwidth, low latency and wide connection, and rapid transmission, have proved to be vital in facilitating emergency medical rescue. On June 17th, 2019, an earthquake occurred in Channing, Yibin, Sichuan Province. Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital initiated the Emergency Medical Rescue System for the rescue operation in the disastrous area. This was the first use of 5G emergency medical rescue worldwide. Remote consultations, injury assessments and helicopter transfers were carried out for the critical patients. Our rescue system have been effective and efficient in rapid responding, information transmission and the coordination of medical resources, which has led to the best possible medical decisions and treatments. However, there were challenges found in the application of this system: the stability of 5G signal, the optimization of the configuration of 5G ambulances, and the survival rate and self guarantee in the field. In conclusion, this practice of 5G emergency medical system provides a new paradigm and valuable experiences for the improvements in disaster rescue in China and worldwide.

The establishment, practicing and future of a 5G-based emergency medical rescue system / 中华急诊医学杂志

The advantages of 5G communication,including large bandwidth,low latency and wide connection,and rapid transmission,have proved to be vital in facilitating emergency medical rescue.On June 17th,2019,an earthquake occurred in Channing,Yibin,Sichuan Province.Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital initiated the Emergency Medical Rescue System for the rescue operation in the disastrous area.This was the first use of 5G emergency medical rescue worldwide.Remote consultations,injury assessments and helicopter transfers were carried out for the critical patients.Our rescue system have been effective and efficient in rapid responding,information transmission and the coordination of medical resources,which has led to the best possible medical decisions and treatments.However,there were challenges found in the application of this system:the stability of 5G signal,the optimization of the configuration of 5G ambulances,and the survival rate and self guarantee in the field.In conclusion,this practice of 5G emergency medical system provides a new paradigm and valuable experiences for the improvements in disaster rescue in China and worldwide.

Prioritization of factors related to mental health of women during an earthquake: A qualitative study / 世界急诊医学杂志（英文）

BACKGROUND@#According to the fact that women account for the highest rate of victims of mental health loss during disasters, prioritization of their requirements is of remarkable significance. Therefore, the present study was carried out with the aim to prioritize factors related to women's mental health during an earthquake.@*METHODS@# This study was conducted using the Delphi method in 2017. Participants consisted of experts including psychologists, counselors and psychiatrists, social medicine specialists, and psychiatric-mental health nurses with experience in service and disaster awareness, especially earthquake. They were selected using purposive and snowball sampling methods. The Delphi method was used in 2 rounds with 21 components and the final attendance of 19 participants and the collective agreement of 75%.@*RESULTS@# Of the 21 factors related to women's mental health during the earthquake, the following components were, respectively, preferred by the participants: psychological well-being training, group relationships and support of women in emergency situations, fair treatment in the provision of rights and services to women, crisis awareness and management of behavior and difficult conditions, and social security during disasters with the total mean standard deviation (SD) of 13.4 (2.4), 13.0 (2.4), 12.7 (2.5), 12.5 (2.4), and 12.3 (2.2), respectively.@*CONCLUSION@# Training in the field of psychology and disasters, and social and cultural factors were prioritized among factors related to women's mental health during an earthquake. Therefore, the results of this study can be applied by the planners and executives of mental health, women and disasters, and the women's community itself.

Stress induced cardiomyopathy due to a Mexican earthquake / Cardiomiopatía por estrés inducida por el terremoto en México

Abstract Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy mainly occurs in postmenopausal women, with or with- out cardiovascular disease, and is commonly associated with emotional or physical stress. After nearly 27 years of extensive efforts towards a better understanding of this disorder, current knowledge remains limited. Many people suffer post-traumatic stress, and this situation can be associated to stress cardiomyopathy. The case is presented of a female who suffers stress asso- ciated with the earthquake of 19 September 2017 in Mexico City, and arrived in the Emergency Department in cardiogenic shock.

Resumen La miocardiopatía de Takotsubo ocurre principalmente en mujeres posmenopáusicas con o sin enfermedad cardiovascular, y se asocia comúnmente con estrés emocional o físico. Después de casi 27 an˜os de esfuerzos extensos para una mejor comprensión de este trastorno, el conocimiento actual sigue siendo limitado. Muchas personas sufren estrés postraumático y esta situación puede estar asociada a la cardiomiopatía por estrés. Presentamos el caso clínico de una mujer que sufrió estrés relacionado con el pasado terremoto del 19 de septiembre en la Ciudad de México y llegó al servicio de urgencias en choque cardiogénico.

Schistosomiasis control effect in Mianyang City in ten years after Wenchuan earthquake / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

Objective To evaluate the effect of schistosomiasis control in Mianyang City in ten years after Wenchuan earth-quake, so as to provide the experiences for schistosomiasis control post-disaster. Methods The data of implementation of schistosomiasis control work in ten years after the Wenchuan earthquake were collected and analyzed for the epidemic situation of schistosomiasis in Mianyang City. Meanwhile, the awareness situation on schistosomiasis control of villagers and students was investigated by questionnaires in 2008 and 2015. Results All of the 6 counties (cities, districts) with schistosomiasis endemic in Mianyang City were hit by the earthquake disaster. After the disaster, the measurements including the conventional schistosomiasis control measures, the control of exogenous infection sources, the control of Oncomelania hupensis snails, and health education were carried out. The relevant departments of schistosomiasis control were cooperated to implement the prevention and control measures. The schistosomiasis prevalence of population and the snail condition rose in the year of the earthquake, but then declined year by year. In 2015, the awareness rates of schistosomiasis control of both villagers and the students were significantly improved compared with those in 2008. Conclusion The measures of schistosomiasis control after the earthquake disaster are effective in Mianyang City, and the goal to prevent major plague after the earthquake is achieved.